Shadow Kiss Chapter 12

TWELVE IF YOU'D ASKED ME six months ago, I would have said there was no way I'd be happy to run into Mia Rinaldi at the Royal Court. She was a year younger than me and had held a grudge against Lissa since freshman year – a grudge so big that Mia had gone to great extremes to make life miserable for us. She'd done a good job. Jesse and Ralf's rumors about me had been a result of her efforts. But then Mia had gone with us to Spokane and been captured by the Strigoi. And, just like for Christian and Eddie, that had changed everything. She'd seen the same horrors the rest of us had. In fact, she was the only one of my friends who had witnessed Mason's death and me killing Strigoi. She had even saved my life then by using her water magic to temporarily drown one of the Strigoi. In the great Moroi argument about whether or not they should learn to fight with the guardians, she was firmly on the fighting side. I hadn't seen Mia in almost a month, ever since Mason's funeral. In studying her, I felt like it'd been a year. I had always thought Mia looked like a doll. She was short compared to most Moroi and had young, round-cheeked features. The fact that she'd always curled her hair in perfect ringlets had sort of reinforced that image. But today, she hadn't gone to nearly that much trouble. Her golden blond hair was pulled into a ponytail, its only curl coming from a slight, natural waviness. She wore no makeup, and her face showed signs of having been outdoors a lot. Her skin looked chapped from the wind, and she had a very, very faint tan – almost unheard of for Moroi, with their aversion to sunlight. For the first time ever, she actually looked her age. She laughed at my shock. â€Å"Come on, it hasn't been that long. You look like you don't even recognize me.† â€Å"I almost don't.† We hugged, and again, it was hard to believe that she'd once plotted ways to ruin my life. Or that I'd broken her nose. â€Å"What are you doing here?† She beckoned us out the door. â€Å"We were just about to leave. I'll explain everything.† We went to a neighboring building. It wasn't like a mall or anything, but it did have a few businesses that the Moroi who worked and visited here needed – a handful of restaurants, some small stores, and offices that offered all sorts of services. There was also a coffee shop, and that was where Mia led us. A coffee shop seems like an ordinary thing, but I rarely got to go to them. Sitting in a public place (or semi-public) with friends, not worrying about school†¦ it was great. It reminded me of when Lissa and I had been on our own, when our entire lives hadn't been contained within a school and its rules. â€Å"My dad works here now,† she told us. â€Å"And so now I live here.† Moroi children rarely lived with their parents. They were sent off to places like St. Vladimir's, where they could grow up safely. â€Å"What about school?† I asked. â€Å"There aren't many kids here, but there are some. Most of them are rich and have personal tutors. My dad pulled some strings and set it up so that I can go to them for different subjects. So I'm still studying the same things, just in a different way. It's actually pretty cool. Less teacher time – but more homework.† â€Å"You've been doing more than that,† said Eddie. â€Å"Unless your classes are outside.† He'd noticed the same things I had, and in looking at her hands as they held her latte, I could now see calluses. She wiggled her fingers. â€Å"I made friends with some of the guardians here. They've been showing me a few things.† â€Å"That's risky,† said Christian, though he sounded like he approved. â€Å"Since there's still a debate about Moroi fighting.† â€Å"You mean about Moroi fighting with magic,† she corrected. â€Å"That's what's controversial. No one's really talking about Moroi fighting hand-to-hand.† â€Å"Well, they are,† I said. â€Å"It's just been overshadowed by the magic controversy.† â€Å"It's not illegal,† she said primly. â€Å"And until it is, I'm going to keep doing it. You think with all the events and meetings that go on around here that anyone even notices what someone like me does?† Mia's family, in addition to being non-royal, was also pretty lower class – not that there was anything wrong with that, but she had to feel the effects of that around here. Still, I found her whole situation cheering. Mia seemed happier and more open than she had during the entire time I'd known her. She seemed †¦ free. Christian spoke my thoughts before I could. â€Å"You've changed,† he said. â€Å"We've all changed,† she corrected. â€Å"Especially you, Rose. I can't quite explain it.† â€Å"I don't think there's any way the five of us couldn't have changed,† Christian pointed out. A moment later he corrected himself. â€Å"Four of us.† We all fell silent, thoughts of Mason weighing us down. Being with Christian, Eddie, and Mia stirred up that grief I always tried to hide, and I could see from their faces that they continually fought the same battle. Conversation eventually turned toward all of us catching up on what had happened here and at the Academy. Yet I kept thinking about how Mia had said that I had changed more than the others. All I could think about was how out of control I'd felt lately, how half the time my actions and feelings didn't seem like my own. Sitting there, it almost seemed like Mia was controlled by all of her positive traits now – and I was controlled by my negative ones. Conversations with Adrian replayed through my head, reminding me about how I supposedly had such a dark, dark aura. Maybe thinking about him summoned him, but he and Lissa eventually joined us. Their bar was probably in the same building, I realized. I'd been blocking her out and not paying much attention. Adrian hadn't completely gotten her drunk, thankfully, but she'd agreed to two drinks. I could feel a slight buzz through the bond and had to carefully shield it out. She was as surprised as we'd been to see Mia but gave her a warm welcome and wanted to catch up. I'd heard most of this already, so I just listened and drank my chai. No coffee for me. Most guardians drank it the way Moroi drank blood, but I wouldn't touch the stuff. â€Å"How'd your thing with the queen go?† Christian asked Lissa at one point. â€Å"Not so bad,† she said. â€Å"I mean, not great either. But she didn't yell at me or humiliate me, so that's a start.† â€Å"Stop being modest,† said Adrian, putting his arm around her. â€Å"Princess Dragomir totally stood her ground. You should have seen it.† Lissa laughed. â€Å"I don't suppose she mentioned why she decided to let us come to the trial?† Christian asked stiffly. He didn't look very happy about the bonding that was taking place here – or about Adrian's arm. Lissa's laughter faded, but she was still smiling. â€Å"Adrian did it.† â€Å"What?† Christian and I asked together. Adrian, looking very pleased with himself, stayed quiet for a change and let Lissa do the talking. â€Å"He convinced her that we needed to be here. He apparently harassed her until she gave in.† â€Å"It's called ‘persuasion,' not ‘harassment,'† Adrian said. Lissa laughed again. My own words about the queen came back to haunt me. Who's she? Just another Ivashkov. There are a ton of them. There were indeed. I eyed Adrian. â€Å"How closely are you guys related?† The answer popped into my head from Lissa's. â€Å"She's your aunt.† â€Å"Great-aunt. And I'm her favorite great nephew. Well, I'm her only great nephew, but that's not important. I'd still be her favorite,† he said. â€Å"Unbelievable,† said Christian. â€Å"I'll second that,† I said. â€Å"None of you appreciate me. Why is it so hard to believe that I could make a real contribution in these dark times?† Adrian stood up. He was trying to sound outraged, but the smirk on his face indicated that he still found all of this pretty funny. â€Å"My cigarettes and I are going outside. At least they show me respect.† As soon as he left, Christian asked Lissa, â€Å"Were you getting drunk with him?† â€Å"I'm not drunk. I only had two drinks,† she said. â€Å"Since when did you get all conservative?† â€Å"Since Adrian became a bad influence.† â€Å"Come on! He helped us get here. No one else was able to do it. He didn't have to, but he did. And you and Rose are sitting there, still acting like he's the most evil person on the planet.† That wasn't exactly true. I was mostly sitting there like I had been hit in the head, still too dumbstruck to react. â€Å"Yeah, and I'm sure he did it out of the kindness of his heart,† muttered Christian. â€Å"Why else would he do it?† â€Å"Oh, gee, I wonder.† Lissa's eyes widened. â€Å"You think he did it for me? You think there's something going on with us?† â€Å"You guys drink together, practice magic together, and go to elitist events together. What would you think?† Mia and Eddie looked like they wanted to be somewhere else. I was starting to share the feeling. Anger burned through Lissa, hitting me like a wave of heat. She was utterly outraged. Her fury didn't even have that much to do with Adrian, really. She was more upset at the thought of Christian not trusting her. And as for him, I needed no psychic powers to understand how he was feeling. He wasn't jealous simply because she was hanging out with Adrian. Christian was still jealous that Adrian had the kind of influence to pull this off for her. It was just like what Jesse and Ralf had described, about how the right connections could open the right doors – connections that Christian didn't have. I kneed Christian's leg, hoping he'd get the hint that he really should stop talking before things got worse. Lissa's anger was intensifying, muddled with embarrassment as she began to doubt herself and wonder if she had been getting too close to Adrian. The whole thing was ridiculous. â€Å"Christian, for the love of God. If Adrian did this for anyone, it was because of me and his crazy obsession. He bragged awhile ago that he could do it, and I didn't believe it.† I turned to Lissa. I needed to get her calm and diffuse those dark feelings that could cause so much trouble for her when they ran out of control. â€Å"Liss, you might not be wasted exactly, but you need to chill out for an hour before having this conversation. You're going to say something as stupid as Christian, and I'll be the one who has to deal with the mess – like always.† I'd gotten worked up and expected someone to tell me how bitchy I sounded. Instead, Lissa relaxed and offered Christian a smile. â€Å"Yeah, we should definitely talk about this later. A lot's kind of happened today.† He hesitated, then nodded. â€Å"Yeah. Sorry I jumped all over you.† He returned her smile, fight patched up. â€Å"So,† Lissa asked Mia, â€Å"who have you met here?† I stared at them in amazement, but no one seemed to notice. I'd fixed their fight, and there'd been no acknowledgment. No Thank you, Rose, for pointing out how idiotic we're being. It was bad enough I had to endure their romance day after day, with no consideration for how I felt. Now I was salvaging their relationship, and they didn't even realize it. â€Å"I'll be right back,† I said, interrupting Mia's description of some of the other teenagers here. I was afraid if I sat there, I was going to say something I'd regret or maybe break a chair. Where had this rage come from? I went outside, hoping a gulp of cold air would calm me down. Instead, I got a face full of clove smoke. â€Å"Don't start in about the smoking,† warned Adrian. He was leaning against the building's brick wall. â€Å"You didn't have to come outside. You knew I was here.† â€Å"That's actually why I'm here. Well, that, and I felt like I was going to go crazy if I stayed inside another minute.† He tilted his head to look at my face. His eyebrows shot up. â€Å"You aren't kidding, are you? What happened? You were fine a few minutes ago.† I paced across the ground in front of him. â€Å"I don't know. I was fine. Then Christian and Lissa started having this stupid argument over you. It was weird. They were the ones who were mad – and then I ended up madder than both of them.† â€Å"Wait. They were arguing over me?† â€Å"Yes. I just said that. Weren't you paying attention?† â€Å"Hey, don't snap at me. I haven't done anything to you.† I crossed my arms over my chest. â€Å"Christian's jealous because you hang around Lissa so much.† â€Å"We're studying spirit,† said Adrian. â€Å"He's welcome to join in.† â€Å"Yeah, well, no one ever said love was reasonable. Seeing you come back together kind of set him off. And then he got upset because you pulled rank with the queen for Lissa.† â€Å"I didn't do it for her. I did it for all of you – but, well, you especially.† I came to a halt in front of him. â€Å"I didn't believe you. That you could do it.† He grinned. â€Å"Guess you should have listened to my family history in that dream after all.† â€Å"I guess. I just thought†¦Ã¢â‚¬  I couldn't finish. I'd thought Dimitri would be the one who came through for me, the one who – despite what he said – could make almost anything happen. But he hadn't. â€Å"Thought what?† Adrian prompted. â€Å"Nothing.† With much effort, I managed to utter the next words. â€Å"Thank you for helping us.† â€Å"Oh my God,† he said. â€Å"A kind word from Rose Hathaway. I can die a happy man.† â€Å"What are you saying? That I'm normally an ungrateful bitch?† He just looked at me. â€Å"Hey! Not cool.† â€Å"Maybe you could redeem yourself with a hug.† I glared. â€Å"A small one?† he begged. With a sigh, I walked over and put one arm around Adrian, leaning my head lightly against his arm. â€Å"Thanks, Adrian.† We stood like that for a heartbeat. I felt none of the crazy electricity or connection I did with Dimitri, but I had to admit that Lissa had been right about something. Adrian was annoying and arrogant at times, but he really wasn't the bastard I often made him out to be. The doors opened, and Lissa and the others stepped outside. They understandably looked surprised, but I didn't care just then. Besides, they probably all thought I was pregnant with Adrian's love child, so what did it matter? I backed away. â€Å"Heading out?† I asked. â€Å"Yeah, Mia's got more important things to do than hang out with us,† joked Christian. â€Å"Hey, I just told my dad I'd meet him. I'll see you guys before I leave.† She started to walk away, then abruptly turned around. â€Å"God, I'm so out of it.† She reached into her coat pocket and handed me a folded piece of paper. â€Å"This is half the reason I found you guys. One of the court clerks wanted me to give this to you.† â€Å"Thanks,† I said, puzzled. She headed off to see her dad while the rest of us strolled back to our accommodations. I slowed my pace as I opened the note, wondering who in the world here would want to contact me. Rose, I was so happy to hear about your arrival. I'm sure it'll make tomorrow's proceedings that much more entertaining. I've been curious for quite some time about how Vasilisa is doing, and your romantic escapades are always an amusing diversion. I can't wait to share them in the courtroom tomorrow. Best, V.D. â€Å"Who's it from?† asked Eddie, coming up beside me. I hastily folded it up and shoved it into my pocket. â€Å"No one,† I replied. No one indeed. V. D. Victor Dashkov.

Computer Systems Essay

1. Introduction The purpose of this report is to survey the current state of scanner technology and to briefly discuss predicted advancements in the field. By examining a range of recently published journal articles, magazine articles and internet sites on the topic of scanners this report describes the main types of scanners in common use today and examines their performance in relation to four criteria: resolution, bit-depth, dynamic range and software. The report then considers the effect of further technological advances in these four areas, as well as the deployment of new sensor technology on the future development of scanners. The first scanner, initially referred to as a ‘reading machine’, was developed in 1960 by Jacob Rabinow, a Russian born engineer. The device could scan printed material and then compare each character to a set of standards in a matrix using, for the first time, the â€Å"best match principle† to determine the original message (Blatner, Fleishman and Roth 1998, p.3). This reading machine was to form the basis for the development of current scanning, sorting and processing machines. An early improvement on the reading machine was the drum scanner. These scanners used a type of scanning technology called photomultiplier tubes (PMT). Drum scanners are still used in industry today because of the high quality images they produce. The development of smaller, more economical scanners such as desktop scanners and scanners for domestic use followed the drum scanner as the number of computer users increased and computer technology advanced. Scanners can now capture images from a wide variety of two and three  dimensional sources. These images are converted to digitised computer files that can be stored on a hard-drive or floppy disk. With the aid of specific software, these images can then be manipulated and enhanced by the user. It is now possible to deploy electronic acquisition to create an entire layout (including all graphic elements) from the same computer. This means manual stripping is no longer required (Scanners, digital cameras and photo CDs 2000). Scanners are considered an invaluable tool for adding graphics and text to documents and have been readily adopted by both business and domestic users. 2. How scanners work A scanner is a device that uses a light source to electronically convert an image into binary data (0s and 1s). This binary data can then be used to store the scanned image on a computer. A scanner recreates an image by using small electronic components referred to as the scanner’s ‘eyes’ (Scanner tips 2000). The type of ‘eyes’ used in today’s scanners are charge-coupled devices (CCD) and photomultiplier tubes (PMT). These electronic eyes measure the amount of light reflected from individual points on the page and translate it to digital signals that correspond to the brightness of each point (Englander 2000). To create a file on the computer that represents a colour image, the scanner divides the image into a grid with many individual points called pixels or picture elements (Scanner tips 2000). A scanning head, termed a row of ‘eyes’, reads over the grid and assigns a number to each pixel based on the main colour in that pixel, u sing green, blue and red. For example an aqua pixel would be saved as a number to represent the proportion of blue, green and red which represents the colour aqua (Scanners, digital cameras and photo CDs 2000). 3. Types of scanners There are five main types of scanners in common use today: drum scanners, flatbed scanners, sheet-fed scanners, slide scanners, and hand held scanners. 3.1 Drum scanners Drum scanners were widely used in the past, however they are much less commonly used today due to advances in scanner technology. As a result of their expense, these machines are primarily used by professionals in industry, where they are considered important due to the high-end quality image they produce and because they use PMT technology which is more  sophisticated than charge-coupled devices (CCDs) and contact image sensor’s (CISs). Drum scanners are difficult to operate and technicians operate these scanners by placing the item to be scanned on a glass cylinder rotating at high speeds around the sensor (Sullivan 1996). 3.2 Flatbed scanners The most popular scanners for general use are flatbed scanners. This type of scanner is highly versatile because it is able to scan flat objects as well as small three dimensional objects. Flat-bed scanners operate by placing the item to be scanned on a glass window while scanning heads move underneath it. A transparency adapter is used to scan transparent originals such as slides or x-rays, and an automatic document feeder is available for scanning large numbers of documents (Scanner tips 2000). 3.3 Sheet-fed scanners Sheet-fed scanners have grown in popularity in recent years, particularly for small office or domestic use as they are reasonably priced, can scan full-sized documents and are compact, requiring limited desk space (Scanner tips 2000). Most models of sheet-fed scanners have an inbuilt document feeder to overcome the problem of manually feeding one sheet of paper at a time. However the actual process or scanning with a sheet-fed scanner may result in distortion as the image to be scanned moves over the scanning heads (Scanner tips 2000). A further limitation of sheet-fed scanners is that they are unable to scan three dimensional objects. 3.4 Slide scanners This type of scanner is used to scan items such as slides that need careful handling during scanning. Unlike other scanners, the scanning heads in slide scanners do not reflect light from the image, but rather pass light through it. This enables these scanners to produce superior results without distortions caused by reflective light. To be able to scan small and detailed items, these scanners have a large number of eyes on the scanning head which produces a high quality result. Slide scanners tend to be more expensive and less versatile than flatbed and sheet-fed scanners as they are limited to only scanning slides and film. These scanners, however, are well suited to users requiring high quality scans of large numbers of slides (Scanner tips 2000). 3.5 Hand held scanners Hand held scanners are compact, portable scanners which are simply dragged across a page manually to capture an image. These scanners are easy to use and economical to purchase; however, their use is limited to text of up to four inches in diameter that does not require a high resolution. For this reason, hand held scanners are unsuitable for colour images. A further disadvantage of hand held scanners is that the user must have a steady hand when scanning or the resulting image will be distorted (Scanner tips 2000). 4. Scanner specifications The performance of a scanner can be examined in relation to four main criteria: resolution, bit-depth, dynamic range and software. 4.1 Resolution Resolution is a measure of how many pixels a scanner can sample in a given image. It is used to describe the amount of detail in an image (Figeiredo, McIllree and Thomas 1996). Higher resolution scanners are generally more expensive and produce superior results as they have a greater capacity to capture detail. Scanners have two types of resolutions: optical resolution and interpolated resolution. Optical resolution, or hardware resolution, is a measure of how many pixels a scanner can actually read. A current model desktop scanner typically has a resolution of 300 x 300 dots per inch (dpi) (Anderson 1999). This means that this scanner has a scanning head with 300 sensors per inch, so it can sample 300 dpi in one direction and 300 dpi in the other direction by stopping the scanning head 300 times per inch in both directions. Some scanners stop the scanning head more frequently as it moves down the page, giving an optical resolution of 300 x 600 dpi; however, scanning more frequently in one direction does not improve the result of the scan. The basic requirement for scanning detailed images and line art from photos or other printed originals is an optical resolution of 600 dpi. When scanning slides and negatives the minimum optical resolution is 1200 dpi. Interpolated resolution measures the number of pixels a scanner is able to predict. A scanner can turn a 300 x 300 dpi scan into a 600 x 600 dpi scan by looking in-between scanned pixels and guessing what that spot would have  looked like if it had been scanned. This prediction is then used to insert new pixels in between the actual ones scanned. This technique is less precise than optical resolution; however it assists in improving the enlargement of scanned images. 4.2 Bit depth Bit depth refers to the amount of information that a scanner records for each pixel when converting an image to digital form. Scanners differ in the amount of data they record for each pixel within an image. The simplest kinds of scanners only record data related to black and white details and have a bit depth of 1 (Anderson 1999). The minimum bit depth required for scanning photographs and documents is 24-bits, while slides, negatives or transparencies need a scanner with at least 30-bits. Thus for a scanner to produce a high quality scan with colour, a higher bit depth is required. In general, current scanners have a bit depth of 24, which means that 8 bits of information can be collected for the three primary colours used in scanning; blue, red and green (Anderson 1999). This high resolution allows scanners to produce images close to photographic quality. 4.3 Dynamic range Dynamic range refers to the measurement of the range of tones a scanner can record on a scale of 0.0 to 4.0, with 0.0 being perfect white and 4.0 being perfect black. Colour flat-bed scanners usually have a dynamic range of 2.4. A range of this measurement is unable to provide high quality colour scans. A dynamic range of 2.8 and 3.2 is suited to professional purposes and can be found in high-end scanners. An even higher dynamic range of 3.0 to 3.8 can be provided by drum scanners. 4.4 Software A scanner, like any type of hardware, requires software. Typically the two most common pieces of software provided with scanners include optical character recognition (OCR) and image editing software. Optical character recognition software translates the information recorded in a scan, tiny dots, into a text file which can be edited. Image editing software allows the tones and colours of an image to be manipulated for better printing and display. Image editing also gives filters to apply special effects to scanned images 5. Future developments The quality of scanned images is constantly improving as characteristics such as resolution, bit-depth and dynamic range are enhanced and further developed. More sophisticated image editing and optical character recognition software development is also resulting in superior quality scans. Future advances are expected to result in the incorporation of specialized scanners into other types of technology such as the recently developed digital camera. This device allows the user to take pictures of three-dimensional objects much like a regular camera, except that instead of using film, the objects are scanned by the camera in a similar process to the functioning of a flatbed scanner. The relatively new area of sensor technology in the form of a contact image sensor (CIS) (see Appendix 1) is expected to improve the functionality of scanners and the quality of images as it â€Å"replaces the cumbersome optical reduction technique with a single row of sensors† (Grotta and Wiener 1998, p. 1). Developers have already been able to produce a CIS scanner which is thinner, lighter, more energy efficient and cheaper to manufacture than a traditional CCD base device. However, the quality of the scan is not as good as its counterparts. Further development of CIS technology is needed to improve image quality and colour, and to address the problem of a limited 300 or 600 dpi. 6. Conclusion This report has identified five types of scanners currently available. Some are primarily used for professional purposes such as the drum scanner; others are used more broadly in the workplace and home such as flatbed scanners and to a lesser extent sheetfed scanners. Scanners for specialized purposes have also been identified such as slide and handheld scanners. The performance of these scanners is dependent upon their resolution, bit-depth, dynamic range and software. Scanners have improved significantly in recent years in terms of weight, size, price and speed, and the replacement of CCD technology with CIS technology is anticipated to produce further benefits to these areas as well as to scan quality. The impact of these improvements is expected to increase the accessibility of scanner technology to a wider range of users and its suitability for a wider range of purposes. In  relation to this, the future of scanner technology seems to point to the convergence of different techn ologies. Specialized scanners are currently being incorporated into other types of technologies such as digital cameras, printers, and photocopiers. This can be expected to continue with other forms of technology in conjunction with further improvements to image quality, speed, price, size and weight. 7. Reference list Anderson, D. The PC Guide. [http:www.pctechguide.com/18scanners.htm]. Blatner, D., Fleishman, G. Roth, G. (1998) Real world scanning and halftones 2nd edition, Peachpit Press, USA. Englander, I (2000). The Architecture of computer hardware and systems software. John Wiley, USA, p272. Figeiredo, J. McIllree, J. Thomas, N. (1996) Introducing information technology 2nd edition Jacaranda Press, Singapore, p145. Grotta, D. and Weiner, S. What’s now †¦What’s next. [http://www.zdnet.com/pcmag/features/scanners98/intro.html] PC Magazines 20 October 1998. 8/4/00 Prepress, scanners, digital cameras and photoCDs. [http://www.prepress.pps.com/mem/lib/ptr/scanners.html] 1998. 6/4/00 Scansoft scanner tips [http://www.scannercentral.com/scanners/tips/tips1.asp] 2000.6/4/00 Sullivan. M. Types of scanners. [http://hsdesign.com/scanning/types/types.html] 1996. 8/4/00

Ancient Scripture Thesis Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 5000 words

Ancient Scripture - Thesis Example The paper tells that the terms ‘scripture’ and ‘scriptures’ refer to biblical writings or passages from the Bible, or to any sacred writing or authoritative statement. They are used by believers and faith communities as guidelines for living their lives, for obeisance to God and for compliance with His will. In the Christian faith, ancient scripture encompasses the anthology of writings that constitute the Bible, bearing witness to God’s dealings with His people. The Christian Bible is composed of two parts, the Old Testament and the New Testament. On the other hand, there is no differentiation in the Jewish Bible. It is fundamentally based on the Christian Old Testament, and consists of the Law, the Prophets, and the Writings, and is a tripartite canon. A study of the scriptures of the different religious systems of the world reveals that from â€Å"ancient times human minds have tried to trace the origin, cause, and source of this world†. The se scriptures have documented the experiences of human beings in their attempts to resolve the problem of creation, and to know the source of the phenomena which have come into existence. The questions of primitive man in ancient times on nature’s grandeur and majesty, were the earliest of human enquiries, researches and investigations on the different aspects of the universe. The most ancient scripture of the world was the Rig Veda. In this, the Vedic poets repeatedly question the self-identity of â€Å"I†, who the first was, what was the origin from which grew the heavens and the earth, from where the manifold creations emerge, and who knew the secret of origin of the universe and other queries. Through the ages, scientists, thinkers and philosophers have been asking similar questions, which continue to perplex humans until today. The human mind tends to eliminate the mystery from its surroundings, and to understand all aspects of matters to their deepest core. The m ind is not satisfied with only superficial perception of the environment. The question arsies on whether it is possible for a religion to have its foundations upon the theory of evolution as well as upon various truths later uncovered by modern science. Further, has there been any such religion which does not teach special creation, â€Å"but the existence through the doctrine of evolution, or the origin, growth and dissolution of the universe in the same way as modern science does?† (Ahbedananda 104). The answer to this query is an emphatic yes. Significantly, the object of religion is to discover the Truth. Science also has the same purpose, approaching it in a different manner. It is also true that there has been such a religion that promotes a theory of special creation out of the doctrine of evolution. It is stated that the supreme Source of existence, intelligence, and bliss is worshipped by all nations under different forms and names such as â€Å"

Progress report Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Progress report - Essay Example A credit crunch usually happens during a recession (as what we are in right now) that results in greater difficulty in getting or securing borrowed money from banks and lenders. A crunch occurs because the usual lenders are nervous about lending out their monies due to the reduced prospects of repayment, such as during a recession when the economy is not doing so well and impacts negatively on people’s ability to repay a loan. This brief paper aims to look and discuss how the current credit crunch is affecting all consumers. Most academic research and newspaper reports only talked about a credit crunch and its impact on big corporations but neglected its effect on individuals. It is the objective of this paper to correct this oversight and enlighten people on how the credit crunch affects them individually on a personal level. The rationale for choosing this topic is that a credit crunch has a negative effect on everybody from availability of jobs to the ease of getting a loan and to the interest charged on credit cards and home mortgages; its impact is very wide ranging. Discussion Consumer spending accounts for roughly 70% of the United States economy. GDP is the measure of all the goods and services produced by labour and property within the country (Young, 2011:1). The United States economy has a big impact on the world economy because of its sheer size. However, there are also some constraints to consumer spending, primarily a depressed economy that contributed to a high 9.8% unemployment rate. Even here at United Kingdom, the economy is also largely dependent on consumer spending. Figures produced from the statistics office showed that household final consumption expenditure (HHFCE) had grown by 1% only in the third quarter of last year (at current prices) compared to1.9% growth in the second quarter of 2010 (Clancy, 2011:7). The practical implications of a credit crunch are more expensive credit cards, higher rates for housing mortgages, decreased savings or pension funds reduced in value and perhaps even much worse, personal bankruptcies and repossessions. A cause of the credit crunch that is experienced today can be traced to the â€Å"housing bubble† in the US where house prices kept increasing due to low interest rates. An asset price bubble (residential properties) came about when house prices went up without any corresponding change in the fundamental demand. It simply means house prices increased due to speculation (Kroszner, 2005:3). Because of this sudden drop in housing prices, the wealth of most home owners had been wiped out. Structure of this paper follows the trail of effects of a credit crunch on people. It begins with different channels of credit, then how it affects jobs and employment, then on to interest rates and then followed by the implosion in savings and pensions. The last part of this portion talks on the pain of home foreclosures. The next parts of the paper discuss how an asset price bubble will start to form because once a bubble bursts, it results into a recession and a credit crunch. The last part discusses how the central bank deals with it and how people can cope with it. Because of the credi

ISMG Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 6

ISMG - Essay Example Keeping information from the analyst could have serious legal implications for Barton and could land him into trouble. The best approach for Barton would be to focus on the positives and try and only answer questions that the analyst asks (Austin, Nolan and ODonnell). The basic reason behind the poor structure of the recovery plan was neglect on the part of the company’s IT department. The neglect of recovery plan allowed the organization’s employees to take it for granted. This further led to the plan’s frequent testing (Austin, Nolan and ODonnell). Continuation testing and validation of the recovery system ensures that the recovery plan is in up to date and ensures that the concerned individuals at the organization are well prepared in case an unfavorable incident occurs within an organization. Recovery plans are to be tested by an organization at least once every year. Moreover costs of carrying out the test were also one of the reasons why the organization was not enthusiastic about reviewing its recovery plan. Neglect of the recovery system and lack of interest on the part of the organization’s management proved to be costly to the entire organization (Austin, Nolan and ODonnell). Shutting down an organization’s IT system is a major setback. Not only would that mean loss of profits but would also have an impact on the company’s reputation. Shutting down the IT system is the last resort and must only be used after all options have been thoroughly reviewed, examined and deemed ineffective. IT systems must be shut down when there is a fear that an attacker has placed a malicious piece of software, such as a Trojan, within the organization’s network (Austin, Nolan and ODonnell). Usually such a piece of software provides the attacker with a backdoor to access the network and cause damage to the network itself and the data that resides within the network. In such a case an organization must shut down its

Intellectual Heritage Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Intellectual Heritage - Essay Example The three major religions of the World, Bible, Quran, and the Baghavat Gita, have a similar notion about the relationship between God and Man. They observe Human Beings in terms of men and women created by God with an intentional duty on earth. Bible says God created human beings form his breath and the dust form earth. The trees in the garden called paradise reveal the relationship between God and man. The command given by God to the first man shows the relationship between God and human, that human is God’s attendant given to the earth to fulfil the purpose of God. In the sense, God is the dictator and man need to obey in order to keep the earth always a paradise. This sounds almost similar with that of Bhagavat Gita, in which Lord Krishna exemplifies the supreme Goal of God in terms of Yogas such as Raja Yoga , Bhakthi Yoga, Karma Yoga and Janana Yoga representing the meditation, devotion, selfless action and accumulation of knowledge respectively. Brahma is considered as the foremost God of creations. The supreme soul or paramatma is said to be found in the hearts of all human beings. If Brahma is the impersonal energy ruling the Universe, The paramatma form of God living in every body’s heart takes the transcendental form of God. As far as Good living is concerned man should follow Dharma or honesty, this is what Quran and Bible also insist. It man’s individuality ad true self could be realised by understanding the purpose governed by God to man [in Bible and Quran],then according to Bhagavat Gita the same is achieved in terms of self realisation which in turn reached by understanding the supreme existence of paramatma in every body. Freedom is looked upon in different aspect. Bible talks of freedom given to man with a certain restriction imposed by God. When God allows human beings to look after the Garden, He also makes a restriction that they should not touch the fruit of Knowledge. Quran, emphasises on man’s duty to

Principles of Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Principles of Management - Essay Example ASDA's values are to keep daily prices low, for which it also has a label for itself which is ASDA Smart Price. They boast that all the products under the ASDA Smart Price are the cheapest price available anywhere. Environment consists of the surroundings within which every organization operates. The world is going through tremendous changes, such changes whose impact is very far-reaching and powerful. And thus, organizations cannot operate in isolation. The environment has made them interdependent with other factors and dependent on other units within the environment. (Rayner, 2005) The external environment is that environment which is outside the boundaries of the organization. But nevertheless, it affects the organization through its activities and happenings. The external environment can be further sub divides into the general environment and the task environment. The general environment is that part which affects the organization indirectly. Whereas, the task environment is that part which affects the organizations workings and productivity in a direct way. The general environment has various dimensions, like that of international, technological, socio-cultural, economic, and legal-political. Various changes in these dimensions are highly likely to affect how the company operates. (Buchanan, 2007) When it comes to recession, a lot of changes have resulted in the above mentioned dimensions. In the international dimension, the financial crisis has hit the whole globe, thus leading to a shortage of funds all around the world. The technological dimension has not been affected much since it has become more of a necessity than a luxury and thus cutting down on technology has not been made much due to recession. The socio-cultural dimension has altered since people are now cutting down on luxury items, holiday trips and other extravaganzas of life that they used to enjoy. Simple living is the talk of the day. The economic dimension is in a very messy position since the financial crisis has strained the economies of almost every country in the world, especially the big giants. And lastly, the legal-political dimension has changed so as to inculcate the financial crisis. Tax laws have changed; labor unions are concerned about getting laid off. Thus, recession has affected almost every dimension of the general environment. (Watson, 2005) The task environment consists of the groups of people with whom the organization is interacting on a regular basis. This includes the customers, the competitors, the suppliers, as well as the labor market. A common mistake is to assume that the labor market is equivalent to the employees who are working at the organization. This is not so. The labor market consists of those people whom the organization can hire, they are the potential employees. Recession has also affected these groups of people. The customers are now choosier about what to buy and want the greatest value for their money. Employees have a fear of getting laid off by the company. And suppliers now have less bargaining power as compared to their clients since clients are cutting down on production

Sexual Assault and Child Molestation Research Paper - 1

Sexual Assault and Child Molestation - Research Paper Example Of all the reported rape cases in 2009, 93% were rapes of force (URC). Rape by fraud is a form of rape or sexual assault wherein the woman is made to believe that it is her husband whom she has sex with. Rape, as mentioned, is a woman’s the carnal knowledge in the absence of her consent and is obtained by threats, fraud, force, etc. The fraud here should be consist of certain strategies by which the woman is made to believe that the offender is her spouse (Lee v. State, 1902). Marital rape also referred to as intimate partner sexual assault, is one that is done or committed by the current or the past partner, whether boyfriend or spouse. It happens when there is forced intercourse within the marriage or the partnership. However, there are still many countries that do not consider marital rape as a crime. In the United States, for instance, rape is defined as sexual conduct forced on an individual other than a wife since the wife sexual consent is presumed. In acquaintance rape, the offender is usually somebody who the victim knows casually or by sights, such as a colleague or a neighbour. In date rape, the offender is somebody who the victim knows and who the victim has consented to spend time with. Somebody who commits acquaintance rape or date rape can make use of various tactics, such as seeing to it that she is isolated, locking the door, making promises of taking her home from an event or party but taking her someplace else instead; he may threaten the victim with public humiliation, telling her that he will tell their friends that they sexually romantic regardless of what might actually take place; he may pressure her emotionally, saying that if she doesn’t agree, he will leave her; or he may use economic pressure, saying that he deserves sexual intimacy because he paid for their dinner (Huff, 2009). According to Holmes (1991), sex offenders and rapists are likely to be young men below the age of 30 during the time of the assault.     

Tokugawa Shogunate Regime Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Tokugawa Shogunate Regime - Essay Example This period was characterized by economic growth and prosperity, very strict social orders, an increase in both environmental protection isolationist foreign policies, popular enjoyment of arts and culture. This form of regime was organized and administered from Edo in Japan in the 1603 by a ruler named Tokugawa Ieyasu. The Tokugawa regime had established a ruling dynasty at the Tokugawa castle, which was based in Edo. Tokugawa regime came into power following a coup that toppled the administration of Oda Nobunaga at a battle known as the battle of Sekigahara at a period known as the Azuchi-Momoyama period. After this battle, Tokugawa Ieyasu who had taken over as the leader of the battle in 1600 took over the administration of Edo area and later on, this administrative power became hereditary to his family. After He later took over the administrative powers, he gained the title shogun, also known as noble military ruler since he was a descendant of the ancient Mina Moto clan. Unlike the previous regimes of the Shogunate, the society in the Tokugawa period was supposedly based on strict, hierarchy which was originally established by Toyotomi Hideyoshi.Unlike other common dictatorial regimes, the Shogun administration was characterized by economic growth and prosperity. The regime had adopted various principles that saw the country prosper both economically and socially. One of the greatest factors t hat saw the prosperity of the Tokugawa regime was the long-standing peace period, which lasted for two hundred and fifty years. Through this long tome peace, the country was able to develop and gain political and economic prosperity. This period of long time peace, also saw the populations of the country largely increase therefore forming a big army known as the Samurais. The large group of Samurais also contributed a lot in protecting the country from future attacks by its enemies. Moreover, the Samurais also engaged in other economic activities such as farming which contributed to the growth of the country’s economy. However, the change from Sengoku meant that they were obliged to work as bureaucrats in the Tokugawa government. The Tokugawa government forced various changes in the different life style of the people of Japan. All the sectors of the society were limited to follow their traditional roles in a stricter manner than it was done in the previous regimes. This form of traditional confinement begun during the administration by Toyotomi Hideyoshi. This harsh imposition saw the regime begin an administration that formed the four-tier class structure, which imposed and enforced rules even regarding small details such as which classes of people could use deluxe silks for their clothing or tortoise shell for hair-pins. In order to enforce their laws, the ruling regime in Japan banned the practice of other religions in the country in 1614 by Tokugawa Hidetada. This move mostly targeted the Christians who were converted by Portuguese traders and missionaries in previous years. In order to make compulsory this law, the Shogunate made it compulsory for all citizens to enlist themselves with their native Buddhist temple. However, those who refused to comply with this orders were considered disloyal from the regime of the Bakufu. This move by the Shogunate saw the eradication of the Shimabara Rebellion, which was comprised mostly of Christian peasant farm ers between 1637 and 1638. The Japanese Christians were later expatriated, executed, or driven underground, and Christianity ceased from existence in the country. Despite this dictatorial regime, the Tokugawa shoguns controlled the country over a long period of peace and relative prosperity in Japan. The long peaceful regime generated the

Parliamentary Sovereignty Essay Example for Free

Parliamentary Sovereignty Essay With reference to relevant domestic case law outline the â€Å"mechanisms† adopted by the British Courts to maintain the Doctrine of Parliamentary Sovereignty in the context of applying European Law. Particular reference should be made to the cases of Bulmer v Bollinger and Factortame. Parliamentary sovereignty is a fundamental principle in the constitution of the United Kingdom. It is where the Parliament is the supreme legal authority, which has the power to create or end any law. Generally, the courts cannot overrule its legislation and no Parliament can pass a law that a future Parliament cannot change. In the British constitution, a statute is generally regarded as the highest form of the law, therefore Parliament is seen as the sovereign law maker. However the doctrine of Parliamentary sovereignty has been altered and limited by the UK decision to become a member of the European Community in 1973 when the European Communities Act 1972 came into force. Parliament must now legislate consistently with European Community Law. The terms of the European treaties as interpreted by the European Court of Justice require member states to limit their sovereignty, by Parliament giving direct effect and primacy to EU Law. The European Court of Justice states that European Community Law should be enforceable in the courts of member states and that EU law prevails domestic law of member state, which includes the United Kingdom. The ECJ, as the judicial institution of the Community, is the backbone of that system of safeguards. It is responsible for interpreting questions of EC law and provision is made in the Treaty for references to the ECJ by national courts. Decisions of the ECJ, upon a reference, are reached by majority vote and are binding on all domestic courts of all Member States. Under Article 234 the ECJ has achieved the principle of supremacy and its uniform application in all Member States when Community law may be in conflict with domestic legislation. The ECH, as the guardian of legality and instrument of cohesion within the Community, has from the start been in a strong position to define the status of Community law and to gibe it precedence when in conflict with the national legal systems of the various Member states. The first case where the Court made a statement on the nature of European law is the famous case of Van Gend en Loos dealing with the principle of direct effect of EC Treaty provisions and the degree to which individuals can rely on such terms to hallenge measures of national law. It was in a second important case, two years later, however, that the ECJ expanded on its constitutional theory of the Community, declaring again that the states had created a sovereign Community by limiting their own sovereign rights. The case was Costa v Enel, the Court basically decided that community law had supremacy over national law. To this day the judgement is the bedrock of the importance of Community law in all Member States of the European Union. Without this decision Community law would have remained merely international law. Not until the doctrine of supremacy did Community law become truly ‘supranational’ as intended in the European treaties. It was in Bulmer v Bollinger that Lord Denning stated: â€Å"The Treaty of Rome is like an incoming tide. It flows into the estuaries and up the rivers. It cannot be held back. † The early generous and realistic approach was seen in the case of Macarthys v Smith (1981) where Lord Denning discussed the feature between mere inconsistencies and deliberate derogation. Where the incompatibility is inadvertent, he suggested that English Courts should apply EC law, on the assumption that Parliament anticipated to perform its treaty obligations. On the other hand, where the incompatibility was deliberate, he was of the belief that English law should triumph. In this case Lord Denning asserted that â€Å"it has priority. It is not supplanting English law. It is part of our law which overrides any other part which is inconsistent with it. † However, it was not until the Factortame litigation that the true implication on parliamentary sovereignty became noticeable. The cases of R v Secretary of State for Transport Ex Parte Factortame (1989), changed Lord Dennings principle. In this case the UK courts applied for an Article 177 reference. Due to the extensive time it take to respond to reference, the UK applied for an additional ruling asking if they could in the meantime still apply the Act as it conflicted with Articles 52 and 221 of the Treaty of Rome. The ECJ ordered the UK to temporarily suspend the 1988 Act, which the UK parliament had not done before. Therefore, this relentlessly undermined the supremacy of the doctrine of parliamentary sovereignty.

Celiac Disease Presenting as Unexplained Infertility

Celiac Disease Presenting as Unexplained Infertility Title- Celiac disease presenting as unexplained infertility and pancytopenia- A Case Report Abstract – Celiac disease is an autoimmune disorder of the small intestine significant association with several extraintestinal features, such as reproductive disorders in women with undiagnosed celiac disease. Worldwide, CD prevalence is approximately 1%. Several studies suggest a higher prevalence of undiagnosed CD in patients with infertility. A 21 years old Indian woman who presented with history of primary amenorrhea, diminished secondary sexual character, asthenia, history of weight loss and chronic diarrhea. On admission her hemoglobin (Hgb) was 4.2 g/dL. Laboratory investigations confirmed a Immunoglobulin A (IgA) anti-tissue transglutaminase antibodies (IgA-tTG) was markedly elevated to more than 300 u/ml, colonoscopy was normal, Bone mass densitometry revealed osteopenia and hypercellular bone marrow on bone marrow biopsy. Celiac disease diagnosis was made multivitamins, mineral, intravenous iron replacement and gluten free diet replacement treatment was initiated. In order trilineage hematopoiesis, iron deficiency anemia, granulocytic hyperplasia and mild megakaryocytic hypoplasia. Both her platelet counts and white blood cell recovered uneventfully with continuing iron, calcium, vitmine D3 and folic acid supplementation. The possible mechanism for this phenomenon is discussed in this report. Introduction Celiac disease (CD) is a multifactorial chronic autoimmune systemic disease, triggered by gluten consumption in genetically predisposed individuals [1]. Classically the disease is manifested by symptoms of diarrhea, flatulence and malabsorption, however, it is also associated with variable systemic manifestations, including metabolic bone disease, diabetes, thyroid dysfunction and lympho-proliferative malignancies [2]. Worldwide, the prevalence of CD in the general population is approximately 1%; female: male ratio is 2 : 1 [3-7]. Several studies have confirmed the implications of celiac disease on the reproductive health of women. Celiac disease Development in cases of acute leukemia after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (BMT) from Human leukocyte antigen identical siblings who suffered from celiac disease [11,12]. We report the first case of celiac disease presented as pancytopenia with unexplained infertility in woman Case report A 21 year old Indian woman presented with primary amenorrhea, diminished secondary sexual character, asthenia, history of weight loss and chronic diarrhea. On admission her hemoglobin (Hgb) was 4.2 g/dL (normal range: 11.0–15.1 gm/dL), red cell distribution width (RDW) was 39% (normal range: 11.3–15.5%) and mean corpuscular volume was 63.6 fL (normal range: 79–97 fL). Reticulocyte count was low at 9000/mm3(normal range: 25–100 Ãâ€" 103/mm3), total iron binding capacity of 486 ÃŽ ¼g/dL (normal range: 250–450 ÃŽ ¼g/DL), percentage saturation of 5 and a ferritin level of 3/mcL (normal range: 150 – 400 Ãâ€" 103/ÃŽ ¼L), white blood cell (WBC) count was 3.2 Ãâ€" 103/ÃŽ ¼L (normal range: 4–11 Ãâ€" 103/ÃŽ ¼L) with 4-6 segmented neutrophils. On the bone marrow core sections ring sideroblasts was not found. Bone marrow iron store showed decreased amounts of storage iron. Total colonoscopy was normal. Upper gastrointestinal endos copy showed a loss of folds in the second part of the duodenum and a biopsy from the second part of duodenum showed intraepithelial lymphocytes, flattening of duodenal mucosa, lymphoplasmacytic infiltration in lamina propria, and crypt hyperplasia (Marsh class 3). Immunoglobulin A (IgA) anti-tissue transglutaminase antibodies (IgA-tTG) was markedly elevated to more than 300 u/ml. Bone mass densitometry revealed osteopenia. He was under observation in short intervals at the Oncology clinic with abnormal finding as hypercellular bone marrow on bone marrow biopsy. Celiac disease diagnosis was made multivitamins, mineral, intravenous iron sucrose complex given at a dose of 100 mg twice weekly. Replacement and gluten free diet replacement treatment was initiated. On day 14th of treatment hemoglobin increase upto 6.1 g/dL , WBC count to 6.4 Ãâ€" 103/mcL, and platelets were 195 Ãâ€" 103/mcL. We present the first case of celiac disease that presented as primary amenorrhea with pancytopeni a. Discussion – A patient came to medicine OPD presenting primary amenorrhea, diminished secondary sexual character, asthenia, history of weight loss and chronic diarrhea. However, celiac disease is also associated with variable systemic manifestations, including metabolic bone disease, diabetes, thyroid dysfunction and lympho-proliferative malignancies [2]. Given the extreme anemia and the marginal thrombocytopenia and leucopenia. In to improve erythropoiesis she was initiated on iron replacement therapy. Initially which led decrease in WBC counts and platelet. Even though iron deficiency is related with a reactive thrombocytosis [13], when the severity of the iron deficiency increases lead to normalization [14,15] and infrequently even decrease in platelet counts [16,17,18]. Still The precise mechanism of this is indistinct. Cause of pancytopenia in our patient may be related to decrease density of bone and increase free radical damage to hemopoetic stem cell in bone marrow. Extremely low levels o f estrogen hormone observed in our patient which is associated with bone demineralization and infertility, poor secondary sexual character in female. Conclusion Undiagnosed celiac disease is a jeopardy of infertility and pancytopenia. Pancytopenia may be due to decrease bone density result of that more exposure bone more ( haemopoetic stem cell) to free radical. Due to lack of proper nutrition, ovarian capsule could not protect newly growing follicle which lead to poorly development of estrogen hormone dependent secondary sexual character. Women seeking medical advice for this meticulous situation should be screened for celiac disease and bone density (DEXA scan). Adoption of a gluten-free diet could have a positive knock on fertility in such kind of patients. It may be a potentially modifiable (and treatable) risk factor. Futher, a large scale study prospectively study for bone density and ovarian capsule composition to evaluate association between celiac disease and infertility in woman, pancytopenia to clarify these hypothesis. References – Sà ¡nchez E, de Palma G, Capilla A, et al. Influence of environmental and genetic factors linked to celiac disease risk on infant gut colonization by Bacteroides species. Applied and Environmental Microbiology. 2011;77(15):5316–5323. 1b. Green PH, Cellier C. Celiac disease. N Engl J Med. 2007;357:1731–1743. Rashtak S, Murray JA. Review article: coeliac disease, new approaches to therapy. Alimentary Pharmacology Therapeutics. 2012;35(7):768–781. Ravikumara M, Tuthill DP, Jenkins HR. The changing clinical presentation of coeliac disease. Archives of Disease in Childhood. 2006;91(12):969–971. Rossi M, Bot A. Celiac disease: progress towards diagnosis and definition of pathogenic mechanisms. International Reviews of Immunology. 2011;30(4):183–184. Aggarwal S, Lebwohl B, Green PHR. Screening for celiac disease in average-risk and high-risk populations. Therapeutic Advances in Gastroenterology. 2012;5(1):37–47. Megiorni F, Pizzuti A. HLA-DQA1 and HLA-DQB1 in Celiac disease predisposition: practical implications of the HLA molecular typing. Journal of Biomedical Science. 2012;19, article 88 Bargetzi MJ, Schà ¶nenberger A, Tichelli A, Fried R, Cathomas G, Signer E, et al. Celiac disease transmitted by allogeneic non-T cell-depleted bone marrow transplantation.Bone Marrow Transplant.1997;20:607–9. Borgaonkar MR, Duggan PR, Adams G. Differing clinical manifestations of celiac disease transmitted by bone marrow transplantation.Dig Dis Sci.2006;51:210–2 Schloesser LL, Kipp MA, Wenzel FJ. Thrombocytosis in iron deficiency anemia.J Lab Clin Med.1965;66:107–114. Dincol K, Aksoy M. On the platelet levels in chronic iron deficiency anemia.Acta Haematol.1969;41:135–143. Choi SI, Simone JV, Jackson CW. Megakaryocytopoiesis in experimental iron deficiency anemia. Blood.1974;43:111–120. Lopas H, Rabiner SF. Thrombocytopenia associated with iron deficiency anemia.Clin Pediatr.1966;5:609–616. doi: 10.1177/000992286600501008. Berger M, Brass LF. Severe thrombocytopenia in iron deficiency anemia.Am J Hematol.1987;24:425–428. doi: 10.1002/ajh.2830240412. Mubarak AA, Awidi A, Rasul KI, Al-Homsi U. Thrombocytopenia responding to red blood cell transfusion.Saudi Med J.2004;25:106–109.

Parents and Education Essay -- Informative, Personal Experience

Throughout my life I have been very lucky; I have a mom that supported me. She was there to drop me off at school, she made sure I had a ride home, she drove me around to countless cross country practice, and she always checked to see if my homework was done. While at the time I might not have realized it, but my mom was instilling in me the importance of school and my education. When my mom helped me through long division and my time tables, she was showing me more than how do divide large numbers, she showed me that be taking time out of her day for me to learn, that education is very important to have and that it is a worthy investment. Since being in college I have gotten the opportunity to meet a lot of people. All of them have their own story. While some people might have had similar upbringings, others had quite different ones. As I continue to meet new people throughout my college career, I always wonder how there upbringing is and how it translates to their school schooling . As I wonder this I cannot help but to ask the question: How does parental involvement affect a child’s educational career? One thing I was always curious about is simply why parents help their kids. While it seems like a very simple question, I think it is a very important one. As Kathleen Hoover-Dempsey et al wrote in a 2001 article in Educational Psychology: â€Å"†¦parents decide to become involved in students' homework because they believe they should be involved, believe their involvement will make a difference, and perceive that their involvement is wanted and expected† (206). I think my mom would agree to this statement and her reasoning for helping me would include a majority of the list. Because parents feel that being involved in education is... ...school functions. Children perceive parental guidance as a good thing and enjoy working with parents at home as well as occasional visits to schools. Parents can take advantage of certain strategies that their kids can benefit from. These ultimately lead to better academic society and better behaved kids. As I am looking back on my childhood and early school career I now realize how great of a family I had. The parents that supported me and helped me through school has given me opportunities that might not be had I had less supportive parents. Because of my parent’s dedication to my education, I in turn am able to make education a main focus and a tool to a successful life. This will be a great benefit that I hope parents realize is important. I hope education about parental involvement can be spread so the barriers that slow parental involvement can be stopped. Parents and Education Essay -- Informative, Personal Experience Throughout my life I have been very lucky; I have a mom that supported me. She was there to drop me off at school, she made sure I had a ride home, she drove me around to countless cross country practice, and she always checked to see if my homework was done. While at the time I might not have realized it, but my mom was instilling in me the importance of school and my education. When my mom helped me through long division and my time tables, she was showing me more than how do divide large numbers, she showed me that be taking time out of her day for me to learn, that education is very important to have and that it is a worthy investment. Since being in college I have gotten the opportunity to meet a lot of people. All of them have their own story. While some people might have had similar upbringings, others had quite different ones. As I continue to meet new people throughout my college career, I always wonder how there upbringing is and how it translates to their school schooling . As I wonder this I cannot help but to ask the question: How does parental involvement affect a child’s educational career? One thing I was always curious about is simply why parents help their kids. While it seems like a very simple question, I think it is a very important one. As Kathleen Hoover-Dempsey et al wrote in a 2001 article in Educational Psychology: â€Å"†¦parents decide to become involved in students' homework because they believe they should be involved, believe their involvement will make a difference, and perceive that their involvement is wanted and expected† (206). I think my mom would agree to this statement and her reasoning for helping me would include a majority of the list. Because parents feel that being involved in education is... ...school functions. Children perceive parental guidance as a good thing and enjoy working with parents at home as well as occasional visits to schools. Parents can take advantage of certain strategies that their kids can benefit from. These ultimately lead to better academic society and better behaved kids. As I am looking back on my childhood and early school career I now realize how great of a family I had. The parents that supported me and helped me through school has given me opportunities that might not be had I had less supportive parents. Because of my parent’s dedication to my education, I in turn am able to make education a main focus and a tool to a successful life. This will be a great benefit that I hope parents realize is important. I hope education about parental involvement can be spread so the barriers that slow parental involvement can be stopped.

Process of Learning Essay -- Education Essays Observational Cognitive

There are many ways that children and adults learn but there are two processes of learning which have been of great debate for many years. Observational learning and cognitive learning have been theories which many great philosophers have been researching extensively. Both theories provide valid points and both can be applied to our world today. The question is do I believe in them and can they somehow be integrated? I believe that learning is observable yet I also recognize that there are many other factors to consider when discussing this issue. First I believe that being observant means that we focus and pay attention to what we are observing. If you want to learn anything, it is critical to pay attention. Anything that may come in the way of your attention is going to decrease your learning, including observational learning. Second I believe that each individual's environment, culture, and family greatly affect how someone responds to what they have observed. We can look at this topic from a simplistic point of view and use the example of a child observing someone throw...

Conflict in William Shakespeares Hamlet Essays -- William Shakespeare

An individual’s response to conditions of internal and external conflict is explored throughout literature. In his play, Hamlet, Shakespeare delves into the themes of appearance versus reality, lies versus deceit, rejection versus self doubt and tragedy, and in doing so attacks the frivolous state of humanity in contemporary society. In order to explore these themes, however, he uses several forms of conflict to project his opinions and expand his ideas relating to the themes of the play. Internal conflict, as well as external conflict are dominant features of his works, and in Hamlet are made evident through a succession of dire events which can attack and destroy someone. However perhaps the most captivating form of conflict Shakespeare uses to expand and explore the ideas presented within the text is the conflict between the self and the universe. Old Hamlet is killed by his brother Claudius. Only two months after her husband’s death a vulnerable Gertrude marries her husband’s brother Claudius. Gertrude’s weakness opens the door for Claudius to take the throne as the king of Denmark. Hamlet is outraged by this, he loses respect for his mother as he feels that she has rejected him and has taken no time to mourn her own husband’s death. One night old Hamlets ghost appears to prince Hamlet and tells him how he was poisoned by his own brother. Up until this point the kingdom of Denmark believed that old Hamlet had died of natural causes. As it was custom, prince Hamlet sought to avenge his father’s death. This leads Hamlet, the main character into a state of internal conflict as he agonises over what action and when to take it as to avenge his father’s death. Shakespeare’s play presents the reader with various forms of conflict which plague his characters. He explores these conflict s through the use of soliloquies, recurring motifs, structure and mirror plotting. Shakespeare uses external conflict in order to explore the theme of consequence, action and reaction in reaction in relation to consequence. Using the idea of external conflict, the playwright is able to demonstrate the aftermath of a difficult decision, leading to personal moral dilemma. This is made evident to the viewer when Hamlet kills Claudius. External conflict is used to explore Shakespeare’s view that man is a complex individual and that all actions have a consequence. The conseque... ...proach; via another character. Shakespeare uses conflict in Hamlet as a way of exploring ideas. He does this thorough the internal and external conflict that his characters face within the kingdom of Denmark. The conflict that follows is an outcome of lies and deceit which brings about tragedy. From this play we learn of the difficulty associated with taking a life as Hamlet agonises as to how and when he should kill Claudius and furthermore whether he should take his own life. Hamlet being a logical thinker undergoes major moral dilemma as he struggles to make accurate choices. From the internal conflict that the playwright expresses to us it is evident that it can kill someone, firstly mentally then physically. The idea of tragedy is explored in great detail through conflict where the playwright’s main message is brought across to the audience; Shakespeare stresses to his audience the point that conflict be it internal or external it can bring upon the downfall of great people and in turn have them suffer a tragic fate. It is Shakespeare’s aim to show us the complexity of man and that moral decisions are not easily made. Source Cited http://www.enotes.com/hamlet-text

Macroeconomics Impact on Business Operations

Macroeconomics is reflection of performance and structure of economics of a nation or a region. Gross Domestic Produce (GDP), consumption, unemployment, inflation, international trade etc come in ambit of Macroeconomics. Whereas, microeconomic is about actions of businesses (firms) and consumers in determining demand- supply/ prices at market place. A Business Operation is very much part of Macroeconomic activities cycle. Other than Business Operation or ‘Corporation’, other key elements of macroeconomic cycle are ‘household’, ‘workforce’, ‘government’ and ‘financial market’. For illustration, following aspect of macroeconomics directly impact a business function Increase in consumption: Positive macroeconomics indicates healthy economy which means high consumption or growing demand for products. High market demand for a product leads to opportunity for efficient business operations, and growth in top line of the business house. However there are industry specific business cycles which may have certain lead/ lag with the overall macroeconomic health of region/ country. International trade: Incase government promote imports by local industry, there is adverse impact on related business operation as increase in intensity of local competition asks for business to redefine their business strategy. Whereas any sop extended in macroeconomic policy for increasing exports would provide bigger market to the business, asking for increasing capacities and manpower. Monetary Policy: Monetary policy is an important lever with government to control supply of money in the system. Tightening of money supply by fed / apex bank impacts a corporate/ business considerably. For a business operation to raise debt at lower interest rates, macroeconomics of the country must be in healthy shape. Countries like Russia, Brazil etc have used monetary policy other macroeconomic measures to contain galloping inflation effectively. In nut shell each nation use macroeconomic measure to keep good economy health, efficient business operations and well being of public. References: 1.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Olivier Blanchard (2000), Macroeconomics,. Prentice Hall 2.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Heijdra, B.J. and F. van der Ploeg (2002), Foundations of Modern Macroeconomics, Oxford University Press   

Macdonals Work Force Diversity

What diversity means to McDonalds is not only who works within the organisation but goes as far as the customers who they serve. Patricia Sowell Harris, McDonald’s Chief Diversity Officer declares, â€Å"At its simplest, diversity means that your organization reflects the customers you serve and the society in which you operate. But to be effective, it’s more than counting numbers †¦ it’s making those numbers count. A truly diverse culture means that different views, opinions, experiences, educations, religions, and lifestyles are respected, where everybody is a valued and contributing member of the team, and where actions are led by insights that create success in the business. † While diversity initiatives have assisted many people in their professions and organisations in their venture to succeed, is there another side to the story; is it just a waste of time and money? For some corporations, that may be true. Cultural diversity efforts like cultural awareness could be seen as nothing more than an extravagant scheme that really does nothing to help workers feel like they are truly a part of the organization, but for the organisation to be seen in a positive light from onlookers; although this hardly seems the case for cultural diversity initiatives in McDonalds. The following was taken from the McDonalds website: Minorities and women represent approximately 37 per cent of all McDonald's franchisees; More than 65 per cent of the applicants in training to become new McDonald's franchisees are women and minorities. † Serves more than 58 million customers around the world each day †¢ Is the leading global foodservice retailer with more than 32,000 local restaurants in 118 countries †¢ Employs more than 1. 6 million people worldwide – our brand’s best ambassadors are our people †¢ Today, more than 60 percent of our glob al home office and U. S. ompany workforce are of a racial or ethnic minority, or are women †¢ Is widely recognized as a top company for minorities – also a â€Å"Great Place to Work† in more than 30 countries †¢ Ranked one of the Top 20 Global Companies for Leaders by Fortune magazine in 2007 †¢ About 80% of McDonald’s restaurants worldwide are independently owned & operated (franchised) by local business men and women (McDonalds corporation www. macdonalds. com as it exists 2/4/11) Around the world, inclusion and diversity at McDonald’s means providing equal opportunities for everyone to ucceed and contribute. We accomplish this in a number of ways, such as the integration of diversity initiatives into our daily business practices, a strong diversity education curriculum, employee business networks and external partnerships with minority organizations. Jan states â€Å"I’m proud of our industry-leading Global Inclusion and Intercultural Management team which has successfully driven our efforts to have diversity among our employees, franchisees and suppliers across the globe. Jan Fields, President, McDonald’s USA With more than 32,000 restaurants in 118 countries, McDonald’s carries a new meaning to the word diversity, bringing diversity and even change to the menus at every community it touches. Around the world, diversity at McDonald’s means providing equal opportunities for everyone to succeed and contribute. They accomplish this in a number of ways, such as bring forth diversity initiatives into their daily business practices, a strong diverse education curriculum, employee business networks and partnerships with minority organisations. To reinforce the diverse culture today, more than 60 per cent of the workforces are of a racial or ethnic minority, or are women. Inclusion and Diversity also plays an important role for the leaders of McDonalds in the future. Our management team provides regular updates on the progress in this area so they are constantly evaluating the performance to make sure they have strong diverse culture, including gender, ethnicity and nationality. In addition, McDonalds has the largest number of minority and women franchise owners in the fast food industry. The National Black McDonald’s Owner/Operator Association can be considered most successful African American business organizations in the nation, and the Hispanic franchisees fund the largest scholarship program for Hispanic high school students entering college. Furthermore McDonalds suppliers are equally diverse. On average McDonald’s spend $4 billion per year on food, paper packaging, restaurant operating supplies, uniforms and toys from minority and women-owned businesses says Patricia Sowell Harris, McDonald’s Chief Diversity Officer So whether it’s their franchisees, suppliers, or employees, their commitment to inclusion and diversity has helped make McDonald’s the company they’re today. Most importantly, this commitment allows the fast food chain to ensure that their restaurants and business reflect the customer in which is extensively diverse.

Analysis of the French Ambassadors

Holbein’s piece of the French Ambassadors (23-11) depicts two people standing in what seems to be an office or study. One man, the one on the left seems to be a patron or some sort of a wealthy man. You can tell by the clothes he is wearing and how much more dignified he looks than from the man on his right. The landowner has a fancy coat lined with some sort of fur. He has on some jewelry, a necklace, hanging from his neck. In his right hand he seems to be holding some kind of instrument showing he is an educated man. His face is rendered with more realism than his peer on the right. He also seems to be bit more lively in spirit. The landowner is leaning upon a table that is loaded with many other instruments for collecting data. These tools are symbols that these two men aren’t your ordinary common folk, they are more like scholars and have curiosities about many different things in life as what was a main theme of the Renaissance. The globes on the tables indicate an interest in astronomy and geology. It could also be a reference to Nicholas Copernicus a Renaissance astronomer who was the first to theorize that the earth wasn’t the center of the universe. Other instruments on the table indicate interests in mathematics, as there seems to be some cube object with numbers and angles maybe referring to geometry. Also on the table there is a mandolin signifying that not only are these two just purely scholars, but lively entertaining people or culturally diverse people. Another object on the table has to be the open books, which seem to be journals or diaries of some sort because of how there is a feather pen marking a spot in one. On the table there is a mantle but to me it looks more than just a decorative pattern for protection of a table but a tapestry of some sort. Above and behind the men and the table is a green patterned curtain. The drapery on the curtain causes your eyes to flow downward upon to the men and the table. The man on the right is dressed in black robes, clothing of a clergyman with a pair of gloves in his hand. If the clothes aren’t enough, he also has the white collar that all Catholic members of the church wear. The lighting in this painting is coming from the left as you can tell from how the landowner’s face seems to be more brightly lit than the clergyman’s. also you can tell by how on the clergyman’s side the painting gets gradually darker. One important thing about this painting is also the face of the gentlemen. In a way it seems as if two different artists of different caliber painted the faces. The landowners face looks loquent and beautiful, while the clergyman’s face looks simple and without much enthusiasm. The biggest concept of this image has to be the grayish line of some sort running through the ground. This object is an anamorphic image and the most interesting part of this painting. An anamorphic image is a distorted image that is only viewable from a certain angle or through a mirror. When looking at the painting from a lower angle and tilting your head towards the left you see an image of a skull. This skull is a symbol that can mean two different things. One is the study of sciences of the human body as there is no evidence of studying the human body is shown on the table that is supposed to represent education. The skull shows that the ponderings of the science of the human body bring these two men together. Another explanation for the symbol of the skull is to remind the viewer that even with all these great advancements and breakthroughs that man is still mortal and eventually one will die. The theme at first that I got was that men of the renaissance were greatly interested in the fine arts and education. Once looking at the painting more in depth and various times I see that that is just scratching the surface. The theme for this painting is how even though the Church and Landowners/nobility and wealthy were of such different social classes and distinctions, and even though they had many differences, they were brought together by their thirst for knowledge about everything they could imagine of. This theme comes through how the two men are leaning on the table full of symbols of education and higher learning showing their interests in it.

Analysis of Dickens’ use of irony, satire and humour in Oliver Twist Essay

There are multiple examples throughout Oliver Twist of irony, satire and humour. Although a dark novel, there are many moments of humour and an extraordinary amount of chuckling, giggling and knee-slapping by characters. Each of the literary techniques of humour, irony and satire, employed by Dickens help add focus and depth on the various conflicts between the novels outcasts and its established society. It is impossible to cover all avenues within Oliver Twist that might be considered as humorous, satirical or ironic but some of the more obvious and important examples of each will now be discussed. There is ambiguous humour in conflicts between the institution and the individual found throughout Dickens’ Oliver Twist. An example of this coming early in the second chapter when Oliver is told that â€Å"the board has said he has to appear before it forthwith1†, the humour here comes in Oliver’s ignorance of â€Å"not having a very clearly defined notion of what a live board was† and on entering the room of â€Å"eight to ten fat gentlemen† he is told to â€Å"bow to the board†, â€Å"seeing no board but the table, he fortunately bowed to that†. Oliver’s ignorance here is both humorous and sad, as it underpins his youthful ignorance and helplessness in the face of his situation which is very much out of his control. There are many examples where Dickens juxtaposes humour and ridicule with aggression and cruelty; one example being the introduction of Mr. Gamfield in chapter three, who was â€Å"alternately cudgelling his brains and his donkey2†, this gives rise to laughter on the part of the audience and also gives, in my opinion, an impression of Gamfield as ridiculous or as a fool. Soon after we are told that he gave the donkeys jaw â€Å"a sharp wrench†, and â€Å"another blow on the head, just to stun him till he came back again†, this portrayal of him as aggressive and violent is juxtaposed with the fool implied earlier. The â€Å"cudgelling† that was once used humorously is now replaced by its more aggressive definition, â€Å"short, thick stick used as a weapon3† This dichotomy between humour and aggression is used repeatedly by  Dickens and in my opinion forces the audience to never fully feel comfortable in laughing at situations as we are never truly sure if this situation or character will soon show a darker side. Later in the scene between Gamfield and the board, the use of laughter as a weapon and inextricably linked to aggression and violence is again shown when he tells the board: â€Å"Boys is wery obstinit, and wery lazy gen’lmen, and there’s nothink like a good hot blaze to make ’em come down with a run. It’s humane too, gen’lmen, acause, even if they’re stuck in the chimbley, roasting their feet makes ’em struggle to hextricate theirselves†2 Our laughter here is one of incredulousness and some revolt at Gamfields brutal account of his treatment of boys. This puts the audience in the uncomfortable position of the board because we are like the â€Å"gentleman in the white waistcoat† who â€Å"appeared very much amused by his explanation.† This juxtaposition of humour and brutality puts the audience in the uncomfortable position of being able to put itself in the position of the more brutal and vicious characters in Oliver Twist while also allowing us to sympathise and empathise with Oliver and dislike those responsible for their maltreatment. The humour in the famous scene where Oliver asks for more can be seen in the masters somewhat extreme to a trivial event. We are told he â€Å"gazed in stupefied astonishment† and â€Å"clung for support to the copper†. This extreme reaction to such a small request while humorous in and of itself serves a greater purpose in showing the appalling situation and impoverished position this orphan boy, Oliver Twist found himself in. The fact that to ask for â€Å"more† then the meagre â€Å"supper allotted by the dietary† could cause such a reaction from the master and cause the gentleman in the white waistcoat to say, â€Å"that boy will be hung†¦I know that boy will be hung†, although amusing in its extreme reaction, this also serves to pointedly shed light on the dire situation for those orphaned and in state ‘care’ at the time, who encountered brutality and apathy at every turn. Another example of laughter in Oliver Twist is in the naming of the characters; ‘Master Charles Bates’, often referred to as ‘Master Bates’ is a very clear pun that is most definitely not lost on the audience. The mere mention of his name evokes a smirk and laughter from the audience. The naming of the character of the Beadle as ‘Mr. Bumble’ is also for comic effect in my opinion. The Oxford English Dictionary defines bumble as to ‘move or act in an awkward or confused manner; speak in a confused or indistinct way.’ Like that of Master. Bates, the image evoked by the name â€Å"Bumble† is one of ridicule, a fool or idiot but Mr. Bumbles behaviour throughout the book does not make him a sympathetic foolish character, instead his consistent brutality, viciousness and violent nature lends him to become one of the villains of the story. However his naming by Dickens is not only a source of humour but also of irony. It is ironic t hat Mr. Bumble is incapable of seeing Oliver’s situation correctly and is easily fooled by those he believes are inferior. Dickens’ Oliver Twist is laden with irony. The opening chapters exemplify this when Oliver cries himself to sleep and Dickens sarcastically exclaims, â€Å"What a novel illustration of the tender laws of England! They let the paupers go to sleep!1† This irony is effective in showing the discontinuity between the various classes in Victorian London, better than simply stating the conditions present at the time. The scene where Oliver asks for more gruel is also ironic in that the helpless starving orphan, only trying to improve his situation in life, is treated incredulously and punished by the healthy and well-feed board members who in reality should be the ones who are punished for their treatment of the poor. Another form of irony Dickens uses is in showing the duplicitous nature of the society in Victorian London at the time. The upper class found on the board, believe Mrs. Mann to be a great caretaker of the orphans, however when viewed from the position of the lower class perspective of the orphans themselves, she is greedy and abusive. Again this duplicity and irony can be seen when Oliver is presented to the Board and begins to cry, a reaction that should be understandable to anyone, because he is a scared, nine year old boy, alone, in a room full of daunting adults, not knowing what to expect, however the board cannot understand this and one questions, â€Å"What are you crying for?†¦And to be sure it was very extraordinary. What could the boy be crying for?†1 The members of the board really have no understanding of why Oliver could be crying, believing they have provided him with everything he could need and a luxurious home in the workhouse. They have no understanding or sympathy for the situation of the poor people of London as shown when Dickens states that: â€Å"When they [the board members] turn their attention to the workhouse, they found out at once, what ordinary folks would never have discovered – the poor people liked it! It was a regular place of public entertainment for the poorer classes; a tavern where there was nothing to pay†1 There are multiple examples of social and political satire throughout Oliver Twist. It is a satirical attack of the way in which predestined social class and poverty affects the outcomes of a person’s life and a protest by Dickens against the Poor Law and the Workhouse system of the time. The overlooked manner in which Oliver’s birth is described provokes compassion in the audience. He â€Å"breathed, sneezed, and proceeded to advertise to the inmates of the workhouse the fact of a new burden having being imposed upon the parish†. It is dark and ironic; Oliver is depicted as a troublesome burden upon the parish and society. From the outset his entrance into the world is despised, the antithesis of what a child’s birth should elicit. His life is condemned from the beginning by the ugliness of the world he has been born into and his social standing is imprinted upon him, he is a â€Å"humble, half-starved drudge – to be cuffed and buffeted through th e world – despised by all, and pitied by none†3 and reaffirmed in the second chapter when the gentleman in the white waistcoat exclaims â€Å"that boy will be hung† Oliver is the vehicle employed by Dickens to display the inadequacies within society. He highlights society’s various injustices. Through the use of  Oliver, the vulnerable of society are given a voice. The characters that Oliver encounters each represent a different corrupted socio-political aspect prevalent in the society of the time. Mrs Mann and Mr Bumble both highlight the hypocrisy and perversion of the Poor Law and the Workhouse system, while Fagin is created as a representation of greed and materialism. It is clear that Dickens employs irony, satire and humour to great effect in Oliver Twist, and does so in a manner that is not as straightforward as might originally seem. His use of irony and humour as a weapon shows clearly the maltreatment of the poor at the hands of the upper classes and serves to both amuse the audience and make it uncomfortable in laughing along with the unfair and improper situations that are being portrayed. The satire used by Dickens, although an exaggeration, exposes the ridiculousness and impropriety of the society being described and may also act as a true representation of the effects of the Poor Law and the workhouse system of the time.

Ashoka and Emperor ashoka ( choose heading) Essay

Ashoka and Emperor ashoka ( choose heading) - Essay Example However, a look at some of the stone pillars in some part of the modern-day India proves that such an empire existed. For example in Bihar, India, there are stone pillars that are inscribed with the Emperor’s statues and edicts. Ancient Sanskirt literature also shows that there was a great Emperor called Ashoka. In Sarnath city which is also in India, there are statues of lions which are now part of India’s National emblem (Rao 96). These are the Ashoka lions, of course named after the Emperor Ashoka. He Emperor ordered installation of these pillars (Joshi 60). A look at the statues and some of the stone pillars shows that the Emperor had them inscribed with merciful laws. Based on the evidence from Joshi’s book and a history professor called B.V. Rao, Emperor Ashoka waged a constant war for the first eight years when he was in power. It is also clear that the Emperor had inherited a large empire, which he expanded in his reign to include some of the other Indian subcontinent. He also expanded his empire to the modern-day borders of Burmese eastern border, western side of Bangladesh, Afghanistan and Iran (Rao 94). It was only Sri Lanka and other southern parts of India which remained out of the Emperor’s reach. However, despite the ancient Kalinga kingdom, north of India, being out of his reach, he attacked the kingdom in year 265. He took advantage of the fact that it was his second wife’s homeland, Kaurwaki. The Mauryan Emperor had sought refuge from his hostile half-brothers, in the Kalinga kingdom. He gathered the largest army in Indian history to attach Kalinga, which crumbled after losing most of its warriors. After going through the story about this Emperor and his dynasty I got surprised after discovering that he was one of the many ruthless rulers in human history to change into one of the most respected rulers. I expected to find a

Analyzing movie Review Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Analyzing - Movie Review Example Set in a not so distant future, the movie depicts not just an interesting concept whether traveling back in time is possible, but it also showcases the actual concept of trust, communication and generally, relational development. As the movie progresses, we can see the stages involved in the actual development of relationship which include the concept of initiating stage, experimentation, intensifying stage, integration stage and bonding stage as the integral components of the coming together of the characters. There are many scenes in the film that we can use to illustrate the relational development among the characters, but it is important to try to figure it out how this happens in the case between Darius and Kenneth. Apart from the classified ad, it was Darius who made the first attempt to initiate the initial contact, as she started to find her way to Kenneth at the convenience store where he works. Since it was purely a business purpose for Darius, the one who must finally deci de to build up the real relationship is no other than Kenneth himself, and this means he needs to come up with first impressions about this magazine staff. His first impression about Darius looks like it fits in his essential qualification for the one he wants to travel back in time with, which must be far from what he has just experienced with Jeff. In this step of relational development, it is clear that the initiating stage has been successfully employed, as Kenneth’s first impression about Darius is someone whom he could confide with the vital information linked to the mission. This concept is certainly applied well in this scene of the movie, because of the depiction of first impression that is elemental to the initial developmental stage of relationship. In fact, this paves the way for the next stage of relational development, which is a clear consequence of the successful employment of the initial stage of relationship development. Somewhere in the movie when Kenneth w alked out from the restaurant after Darius discovered his artificial ear, is a significant highlight of the development of the next stage, which is the experimentation. Kenneth is essentially probing in this part, to know if Darius is really the one to choose in the mission. In the relational development, everything might end up here, just as in the case of Jeff and his high school crush. However, the film shows effective implementation of the experimentation stage in the case of Kenneth and Darius, just as how the latter via an emotional conversation also reveals their common ground, implying that they both experienced in their childhood years as laughing stuffs of the people around them, which is a move that leads them further to the next step, the intensifying stage. The intensifying stage is revealed in the film when Kenneth finally discloses to Darius his actual reason for going to a time travel. Darius responded with all sincerity, which eventually creates an impression on the part of Kenneth that his disclosure is reciprocated. Kenneth even discloses his talent in music, which is something that touches Darius for real, leading them to go to the next level of relational development, the integration stage. The ultimate highlight of integration stage as the movie depicts is when Darius and Kenneth passionately kiss and comfort each other on that one remarkable